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AI Ecosystem Intelligence Explorer

AI Fundamentals

21 of 102 articles

AI Responses May Include Mistakes

The other day I wanted to look up a specific IBM PS/2 model, a circa 1992 PS/2 Server system. So I punched the model into Google, and got this:

Harm and Risk
AI Fundamentals
 
5/31/2025

Limit of RLVR

Reasoning LLMs Are Just Efficient Samplers: RL Training Elicits No Transcending Capacity

LLM
AI Fundamentals
 
5/28/2025

Unlearning or Obfuscating? Jogging the Memory of Unlearned LLMs via Benign Relearning

Machine unlearning is a promising approach to mitigate undesirable memorization of training data in ML models. In this post, we will discuss our work (which appeared at ICLR 2025) demonstrating that existing approaches for unlearning in LLMs are surprisingly susceptible to a simple set of benign rel

AI Fundamentals
 
5/25/2025

LLM Inference Economics from First Principles

The main product LLM companies offer these days is access to their models via an API, and the key question that will determine the profitability they can enjoy is the inference cost structure.

LLM
Research
AI Fundamentals
 
5/17/2025

Absolute Zero: Reinforced Self-play Reasoning with Zero Data

Reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) has shown promise in enhancing the reasoning capabilities of large language models by learning directly from outcome-based rewards. Recent RLVR works that operate under the zero setting avoid supervision in labeling the reasoning process, but still depend on manually curated collections of questions and answers for training. The scarcity of high-quality, human-produced examples raises concerns about the long-term scalability of relying on human supervision, a challenge already evident in the domain of language model pretraining. Furthermore, in a hypothetical future where AI surpasses human intelligence, tasks provided by humans may offer limited learning potential for a superintelligent system. To address these concerns, we propose a new RLVR paradigm called Absolute Zero, in which a single model learns to propose tasks that maximize its own learning progress and improves reasoning by solving them, without relying on any external data. Under this paradigm, we introduce the Absolute Zero Reasoner (AZR), a system that self-evolves its training curriculum and reasoning ability by using a code executor to both validate proposed code reasoning tasks and verify answers, serving as an unified source of verifiable reward to guide open-ended yet grounded learning. Despite being trained entirely without external data, AZR achieves overall SOTA performance on coding and mathematical reasoning tasks, outperforming existing zero-setting models that rely on tens of thousands of in-domain human-curated examples. Furthermore, we demonstrate that AZR can be effectively applied across different model scales and is compatible with various model classes.

AI Fundamentals
 
5/12/2025

Watching o3 guess a photo’s location is surreal, dystopian and wildly entertaining

Watching OpenAI’s new o3 model guess where a photo was taken is one of those moments where decades of science fiction suddenly come to life. It’s a cross between the …

Computer Vision
AI Fundamentals
 
4/26/2025

GitHub - TsinghuaC3I/Awesome-RL-Reasoning-Recipes: Awesome RL Reasoning Recipes (“Triple R”)

Awesome RL Reasoning Recipes (“Triple R”). Contribute to TsinghuaC3I/Awesome-RL-Reasoning-Recipes development by creating an account on GitHub.

Applied AI
AI Fundamentals
 
4/24/2025

GitHub - humanlayer/12-factor-agents: What are the principles we can use to build LLM-powered software that is actually good enough to put in the hands of production customers?

What are the principles we can use to build LLM-powered software that is actually good enough to put in the hands of production customers? - humanlayer/12-factor-agents

Applied AI
AI Fundamentals
 
4/23/2025

GPT-2’s Attention Weights, Visualized

A tool to visualize attention patterns in the GPT-2 model as it generates text.

AI Fundamentals
 
4/19/2025
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